Ton Koopman

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Ton Koopman
Ton Koopman
Ton Koopman
Background information
Born (1944-10-02) 2 October 1944 (age 79)
Zwolle, Netherlands
GenresBaroque
Occupation(s)Conductor
Instrument(s)Organ and harpsichord

Antonius Gerhardus Michael Koopman (Dutch: [ˈkoːpmɑn]; born 2 October 1944), known professionally as Ton Koopman, is a Dutch conductor, organist, harpsichordist, and musicologist, primarily known for being the founder and director of the Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir.

He is a professor in the Royal Conservatory of The Hague and the University of Leiden. In April 2003 he was knighted in the Netherlands and received the Order of the Netherlands Lion.

Biography

Koopman had a "classical education" and then studied the organ (with Simon C. Jansen), harpsichord (with Gustav Leonhardt), and musicology at the Amsterdam conservatory. He specialized in Baroque music and received the Prix d'Excellence for both organ and harpsichord.

On the organ, he never learned how to play with heels and toes, and because of his short height, always plays with his toes on the pedalboard. This is an authentic Baroque practice.

Koopman founded the Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra in 1979 and the Amsterdam Baroque Choir in 1992 – now combined as the Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir – and was Founder Director of the Portland Baroque Orchestra in 1984. Koopman concentrates on Baroque music, especially that of Bach and is a leading figure in the "authentic performance" movement. While a number of early-music conductors have ventured into newer music, Koopman has not. He has said, "I draw the line at Mozart's death" (1791).[1] One exception is his recording of the Concert Champêtre of Francis Poulenc, written in 1928.

Bach cantatas project

Among Koopman's most ambitious projects was the recording of the complete cycle of all of Bach's cantatas,[2] a project completed in 2005. This project had started while Koopman was an artist of the French Erato Classics label. However, after 12 volumes (36 CDs) the project was stalled when owner Warner Classics wound up its French subsidiary in 2002. Koopman was able to buy back rights for the first 12 volumes and continue the series in 2003 with his own label Antoine Marchand, distributed by Challenge Classics. "Antoine Marchand" is a French translation of his own name.[3]

Soloists for the project were among others Lisa Larsson, Cornelia Samuelis, Sandrine Piau, Sibylla Rubens, Barbara Schlick, Caroline Stam, Deborah York and Johannette Zomer (soprano), Bogna Bartosz, Michael Chance, Franziska Gottwald, Bernhard Landauer, Elisabeth von Magnus, Annette Markert and Kai Wessel (alto), Paul Agnew, Jörg Dürmüller, James Gilchrist, Christoph Prégardien and Gerd Türk (tenor) and Klaus Mertens (bass).

Buxtehude project

In addition to the works of Bach, Koopman has long been an advocate of the music of Bach's teacher and predecessor, Dieterich Buxtehude. He had previously recorded the keyboard works for Philips Classics and several cantatas for Erato. He was elected president of the "International Dieterich Buxtehude Society" in 2004. Following the completion of the Bach cantatas project Koopman then embarked on a recording of the complete works of Buxtehude. In 2005 he commenced Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia, a project to record the complete works of Dieterich Buxtehude, which he finished in October 2014.

Other projects

Besides his work with the Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir, he is in frequent demand as guest conductor and as harpsichordist and organist. In 2011, Koopman began a three-year stint as artist-in-residence with the Cleveland Orchestra.[4]

His aim is always to achieve authenticity in performance, using historical instruments from the time of the composer, and/or exact copies of them, often using historic musical temperaments, and adopting the performing style of the composers or their contemporaries. The scholar (and fellow keyboardist/conductor) John Butt has criticised Koopman's interpretation of Bach's Goldberg Variations for its overuse of ornamentation,[5] which he attributes to a desire to differentiate his interpretation from those of Gustav Leonhardt.

Awards and honours

In 2003 he was made a Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion.[6] In January 2024 he was awarded the medallion of honour from the mayor of the city he was born in, Zwolle.[7]

Personal life

Koopman is married to Tini Mathot, who is also a harpsichordist and fortepianist, and the two frequently perform together. Mathot is also his chief recording producer, as well as a teacher at the Royal Conservatory.[8] On 11 October 2012 the documentary Live to be a hundred – a year in the life of Ton Koopman was released in Dutch cinemas.

Discography

Koopman's extensive discography includes the complete Bach cantatas and organ works, St Matthew Passion (twice) and St John Passion, Mass in B minor, Christmas Oratorio, a recording of his own reconstruction of the lost St Mark Passion, concertos and harpsichord works by Bach, Sweelinck's complete keyboard works, the complete works of Buxtehude, Haydn's complete harpsichord concertos, Mozart's Coronation Mass, Vespers and Requiem, a cycle of Mozart and Haydn symphonies, Mozart's early keyboard works K. 1a-5 and Mozart's 3 Harpsichord Concertos after J.C. Bach, K. 107. He conducts 8 soloists, Nancy Zijlstra, Barbara Schlick, soprano, Klaus Mertens, Peter Kooij, bass, Dominique Visse, Kai Wessel, countertenor, Christoph Prégardien, Harry Van Berne, tenor and The Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra for « Les Motets à double Chœur » H.403, H.404, H.135, H.136, H.137, H.392, H.410, H.167 by Marc-Antoine Charpentier, (2 CD Erato 1992), Vivaldi's The Four Seasons, Handel's Messiah and Organ Concertos. Koopman has received many prizes for his recordings.

Notes

  1. ^ "Bach JS – Harpsichord Concertos – Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra, Ton Koopman". 20 December 2010.
  2. ^ "Ton Koopman and the Bach cantatas". 19 May 1996.
  3. ^ Billboard – 5 July 2003 – Page 13 Vol. 115, n° 27 "Koopman Gets Back on his Bach Cycle – Koopman started his own Antoine Marchand label imprint and, with the help of a financier friend, revised his search for an existing label that would take on finished master tapes for manufacturing and distribution."
  4. ^ "Tuned In: Gabriele, come blow your horn for Philharmonia Baroque". 7 February 2011.
  5. ^ John Butt, "Bach Recordings since 1980: A Mirror of Historical Performance," in Bach Perspectives 4, ed. David Schulenberg, University of Nebraska Press, 1999, p. 186, ISBN 0-8032-1051-5
  6. ^ "Lintjesregen daalt vooral op niet-BN'ers niet". Leidsch Dagblad (in Dutch). 29 April 2003. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  7. ^ Bosch, Arjan (28 January 2024). "Geëerde Ton Koopman (79) stond in grootste concertzalen van de wereld: 'Maar een Blauwvinger blijf ik altijd'" (in Dutch). Algemeen Dagblad. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  8. ^ "Tini Mathot (Harpsichord) – Short Biography". www.bach-cantatas.com.

References

External links


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Ton Koopman
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Ton Koopman, Paris, Cité de la musique, novembre 2008
Nom de naissance Antonius Gerhardus Michael Koopman
Naissance (79 ans)
Zwolle, Overijssel, Drapeau des Pays-Bas Pays-Bas
Activité principale Claveciniste, organiste, chef d'orchestre
Style
Activités annexes Musicologue
Éditeurs Warner Classics, Erato, Philips, Philips Classics
Formation Conservatoire d’Amsterdam
Maîtres Gustav Leonhardt
Enseignement Conservatoire royal de La Haye, Université de Leyde
Récompenses Docteur honoris causa de l’université d'Utrecht

Antonius Gerhardus Michael Koopman, dit Ton Koopman, né à Zwolle le , est un organiste, claveciniste, chef de chœur et chef d'orchestre néerlandais.

Biographie

Élève de Gustav Leonhardt, Ton Koopman, étudie la musicologie, l'orgue et le clavecin au conservatoire d’Amsterdam. Il remporte un prix d'excellence en clavecin et en orgue. Alors qu'il n'est encore qu'un étudiant, Koopman fait ses débuts de chef d'orchestre. Il est passionné de musique du XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, et fonde sa démarche de direction sur l'interprétation sur instruments d'époque et sur une recherche musicologique visant à retrouver les pratiques d'interprétation originales des œuvres qu'il travaille. En 1969, il crée son premier ensemble baroque Musica Antiqua Amsterdam avec Marie Leonhardt comme premier violon, puis en 1979, l'Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra auquel se joindra en 1993 le Chœur baroque d'Amsterdam.

Mais Ton Koopman ne se limite pas à la direction de son ensemble. Il se produit aussi en tant que soliste sur les plus beaux instruments du monde et dirige en tant que chef invité différents orchestres, notamment l'Orchestre de chambre de Lausanne.

Ton Koopman s'occupe aussi d'enseignement. Il est professeur au Conservatoire royal de La Haye et membre de l’Académie royale de musique de Londres. Il est aussi depuis 2004, professeur à l'université de Leyde.

À la fois musicien et musicologue, il aide les éditeurs à reconstruire ou à réviser de vieilles partitions.

En 2002, il fonde son propre festival de musique baroque en Périgord vert, sa région d’adoption, où se rencontrent jeunes talents et musiciens de renom. 

Il est nommé en 2000 docteur honoris causa de l’université d'Utrecht. Il a reçu en 2004 le Silver Phonograph de l'industrie du disque néerlandaise, ce qui est rare, et en juin 2006, à l'issue du festival Bach de Leipzig, la médaille Bach.

Décorations

Principaux enregistrements

Ton Koopman a enregistré une intégrale des cantates religieuses de Johann Sebastian Bach. Ces enregistrements sont réalisés dans les conditions supposées de l'époque, avec l'effectif instrumental demandé par Bach dans l'Entwurff (chœur de douze chanteurs), sur des instruments anciens, ou des copies, et au diapason baroque (415 Hz au lieu de 440 Hz). Ces enregistrements sont parus chez le label Antoine Marchand, distribué par Harmonia Mundi.

En 1992, à la tête de l'Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra, il enregistre pour le label Erato les Motets à double Chœur H.403, H.404, H.135, H.136, H.137, H.392, H.410, H.167 de Marc-Antoine Charpentier.

Il a également collaboré assez souvent avec Jordi Savall en tant que continuiste, mais aussi en tant que soliste, aussi bien au clavecin qu'à l'orgue (Art de la fugue, Bach ; Offrande Musicale, Bach ; Missa Bruxelensis, Biber ; Concertos pour viole de gambe, Vivaldi ; pièces de violes des cinq Livres de Marin Marais).

En , il crée son propre label « Antoine Marchand » (« koopman » signifie marchand en néerlandais) pour diffuser ses enregistrements.

Actuellement, Ton Koopman enregistre toutes les œuvres conservées de Dietrich Buxtehude. Les seize volumes du projet Buxtehude Opera Omnia sont déjà parus.

Liens externes

Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :


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